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down the banks of the Sepik River comes
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of mother with her own two small
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children the child of a neighbor she is
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looking after for the day and a small
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child nurse of the neighbor's child the
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mother bathed the neighbor's child first
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while the child nurse holds her babies
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notice the way in which he holds the
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child by one step on how the child leans
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away from this cold you see the shells
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which hang from the mothers net on which
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a atlas child cut 16 now she is bathing
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her own little boy with screaming with
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rage loading one arm fifth and tenth
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which is a characteristic temper tantrum
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gesture for yet more children
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our own baby is held by the arm laws is
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quickly dipped in the river little
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children are hills when they are bay
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there are sometimes crocodiles in the
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river the mother shaked the baby drop
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darts up the bank with a group of
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children
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now we see a second mother coming down
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again supporting her child by one off as
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the child liens and slides alone there
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again you see the shells suspended from
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the mothers net shells on which a baby
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at 16 and she holds the child firmly
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well brisk and businesslike she washed
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take this dry
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and a third mother dipped her baby in
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the water of the river
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now we shift to an American bathroom and
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better the wide river the narrow
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confines of a small room while the
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mother carefully wiped the child's face
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on a cost made specially for the purpose
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and keeps the child in a large porcelain
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tub where she has time to stop and play
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with him and in his boss waters are not
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crocodile with my 30 but rubber toys and
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he leans toward his mother and then when
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Toews faith pat-a-cake and then his
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mother says bye-bye and he waved bye-bye
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to an appreciative adult audience notice
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the mother's hands ever watchful ever
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hovering around the child while she
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still gives him an illusion of
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Independence then a swish through the
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water and out be carefully dried in a
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large towel
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and he again played pat-a-cake
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remembering the cube he was given before
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then he sucks his washcloth which
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American babies tend to do and holds
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onto the rod and his mother gives him
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Cyrus
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and goes back to drying him and dressing
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him the bath is a long elaborate process
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which may take as much as an hour and
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dominates the whole life of the
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household for the day he has to have a
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dieter
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and the knife down and he is getting
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tired and broke with all this dressing
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he puts his whole fist in his mouth he
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has nothing on which to cut his teeth at
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the moment
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very sleepily very tired of all the
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elaborate ceremony is taken off to be
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only a few years later there had been
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changes in the way children were brought
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up in the United States there is the
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same bathtub and a child still plays
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with toy animals and bubble turn this
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but see how much more relaxed the mother
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is before this mother has been allowed
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to feed her baby when he was hungry and
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has not had two fitted into the
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schedules have made the mother to the 30
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anxious deeper patterns which relates
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the child and mothers remain the same
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you will know this evening little things
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we have a similarity this little girl
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also sucks under washroom waved bye-bye
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and plays pattycake with our mother as
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audience but the mother can have her
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much more happily and freely because the
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relationships between mother and child
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has no longer being mediated to strict
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rules where the cloth that is a mother
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and baby together decided but what to be
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done
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if you're again you see this little girl
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takes an outside object to speed on
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neither a part of her own body no her
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mother's just as a little American boy
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did in a modern society like the United
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States as we use scientific insight we
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change and improve our ways of bringing
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up children nevertheless the basic
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cultural emphasis the way in which the
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American child is encouraged towards
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independence and towards action of which
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its mother is a spectator remains the
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same
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and now we come to a mountain village in
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Bali or carbon a child of the same age
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is standing in a tiny tub perched on a
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high platform and his mother is bathing
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you see this is teething things hang
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around his own neck the string of beads
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for the little silver box bonus and when
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he wishes to bite he bites on the thing
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that hangs around his only his mother /
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of him he splashes back
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you stand and test this balance
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as he tries to get out she's pushed him
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back again puts him back and finally
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takes him out now what very carefully
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while he sucks his toe as she smiled and
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then stares into vacancy then we went
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next door to watch another baby thing
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and Carver came along with us after his
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own bow to watch this path of a much
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younger baby this time the youngest
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child of an older woman whose oldest
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child is already a mother herself
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she doesn't have quite the inclination
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to play the first mother has
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but the playfulness is there again as we
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seek our become up invade the other
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babies and he himself was babe
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broking the other baby smiling at the
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other baby he splashes the other baby he
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plays for the other baby in this simple
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act of bathing a child we see how strong
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the cultural contrast off between the
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playful teasing but inattentive Balinese
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mother the careful conscientious
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American mothers and the casual brisk
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matter of fact New Guinea mother