Historically, Estonia did not have a law that directly protected whistleblowers. This changed in 2024, when a whistleblower protection law was adopted, transposing the EU Whistleblower Protection Directive (EU) 2019/1937 into Estonian legislation. 

Estonia transposed this directive into national law on September 1, 2024, through the Act on Protection of Persons Who Report Work-Related Breaches of European Union Law. This Act represents a major milestone, shifting the focus towards a modern "speak-up" culture and establishing strict legal obligations for both public and private sector organizations to protect individuals who report workplace violations.